¡¡

-ºê·¹Áø½ºÅ°´Â Ä«ÅÍ ´ëÅë·É ¹Ø¿¡¼­ ±¹°¡ ¾ÈÀü º¸Á°üÀ» Áö³Â´ø »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷ÀÇ °èȹ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ÆÇÁ°¡´Ï½ºÅºÀÇ ¹«ÀÚÇìµò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿øÁ¶°¡ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú°í À̸¦ ºô¹Ì·Î ¼Ò·ÃÀº ¾ÆÇÁ°¡´Ï½ºÅºÀ» ħ°øÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ³ªÁß¿¡ ¹àÇôÁø ¹Ù·Î´Â ÀÌ ¿øÁ¶´Â ¼Ò·ÃÀ» ¾ÆÇÁ°¡´Ï½ºÅºÀ¸·Î ²ø¾îµé¿© °ï°æ¿¡ óÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ·Á´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ °èȹÀÇ ÀÏȯÀ̾ú°í ÀÌ °èȹÀº ¼º°øÇؼ­ ¼Ò·ÃÀÇ º£Æ®³²À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®¿ì´Â ¾ÆÇÁ°£ ÀüÀïÀÌ 1979³âºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. 10³â°£ ±¹·ÂÀ» ¼ÒÁøÇÑ ¼Ò·ÃÀº Àü ±¹°¡Àû ÇÕÀǸ¦ ¾ò¾î³»Áö ¸øÇÏ°í °á±¹Àº ºØ±«ÇÏ°í ¸¸´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ±Û¿¡¼­ ±×´Â À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾ ºÐÀïÀÇ ÇØ°áÃ¥À¸·Î À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾ ¾çÀÚÀÇ »óÈ£ ¾çº¸¸¦ ¿ª¼³Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. °ø±³·Ó°Ôµµ ¿À´Â À̽º¶ó¿¤ ÀÇȸ´Â ¿þ½ºÆ®¹ðÅ©ÀÇ Á¤ÂøÃÌÀ» ö¼öÇÒ °ÍÀ» °¡°áÇß´Ù. ±¹°¡°£¿¡´Â Àûµµ ¾ø°í µ¿Áöµµ ¾ø´Ù. ´ÜÁö ±¹°¡ÀÇ ÀÌÀ͸¸ÀÌ ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù.  

¡¡

October 25, 2004

OP-ED CONTRIBUTOR

¡¡

How to Make New Enemies

¾î¶»°Ô »õ·Î¿î ÀûÀ» ¸¸µå´Â°¡?

¡¡

By Áîºñ±×´º ºê·¹Áø½ºÅ°

¡¡

It is striking that in spite of all the electoral fireworks over policy in Iraq, both presidential candidates offer basically similar solutions. Their programs stress intensified Iraqi self-help and more outside help in the quest for domestic stability. Unfortunately, these prescriptions by themselves are not likely to work.

¡¡

-À̶óÅ© ³»¿¡¼­ÀÇ Á¤Ã¥À» ³õ°í ¿Ã·ÁÁ³´ø ¸ðµç ¼±°ÅÀÇ ºÒ²É³îÀ̵鿡µµ (ÁÖ; ¾ç È帰¡ ³»³õÀº À̶óÅ©¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼±°Å Á¤Ã¥µéÀ» º¼¸¸ÇÑ ºÒ²É³îÀÌ¿¡ ºñÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖÀ½) ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¾ç È帰¡ °øÈ÷ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ½ÁÇÑ ÇØ°áÃ¥À» ³»³õ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ³î¶ó¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº À̶óÅ© ³»Á¤ ¾ÈÁ¤À» Ãß±¸Çϱâ À§ÇÑ À̶óÅ©ÀεéÀÇ ÀÚ¸³°ú º¸´Ù Áõ°¡µÈ ¿ÜºÎÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ¿ª¼³Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ºÒÇàÇϰԵµ, À̵鿡 ÀÇÇØ ³»·ÁÁø ó¹æÀº ¾àÈ¿¸¦ ¹ßÈÖÇÒ °Í °°Áö°¡ ¾Ê´Ù.

¡¡

Both candidates have become prisoners of a worldview that fundamentally misdiagnoses the central challenge of our time. President Bush's "global war on terror" is a politically expedient slogan without real substance, serving to distort rather than define. It obscures the central fact that a civil war within Islam is pitting zealous fanatics against increasingly intimidated moderates. The undiscriminating American rhetoric and actions increase the likelihood that the moderates will eventually unite with the jihadists in outraged anger and unite the world of Islam in a head-on collision with America.

¡¡

-¾ç È帴 °øÈ÷ ¿ì¸®½Ã´ë°¡ ¸Â°í ÀÖ´Â °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ µµÀüÀ» ±Ùº»ÀûÀ¸·Î À߸ø Áø´ÜÇÑ ¼¼°è°üÀÇ »ç½½¿¡ ¸Å¿©ÀÖ´Ù. ºÎ½¬ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¡°Àü¼¼°èÀûÀÎ Å×·¯¿ÍÀÇ ÀüÀÀº º»ÁúÀ» Á¤ÀÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿Ö°î½ÃŰ´Â ½ÇÁ¦ ³»¿ëÀÌ ¾ø´Â Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀÎ ÀӽùæÆíÀÇ ±¸È£¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ ±¸È£´Â À̽½¶÷ ³»¿¡¼­ÀÇ ³»ÀüÀº Á¡Á¡ ´õ À§ÇùÀ» ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿Â°ÇÁÖÀÇÀڵ鿡 ´ëÇÑ °¡Áõ½º·± ±¤Àû ¿­±â¶ó´Â Áß¿äÇÑ »ç½ÇÀ» ¸Á°¢ÇÏ°Ô ÇØ ¹ö¸°´Ù. ¹«Â÷º°ÀûÀÎ ¹Ì±¹ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¾îÅõ³ª ÇൿµéÀº ÀÌ ¿Â°ÇÁÖÀÇÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ¸¶Ä§³» Æø¹ßÇÏ´Â ºÐ³ë·Î ÀÎÇØ ÁöÇϵ带 Ç¥¹æÇÏ´Â ÀÚµé°ú ÇÕ·ùÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ°í ¹Ì±¹°úÀÇ Á¤¸é Ãæµ¹À» Çϴµ¥ À̽½¶÷¼¼°è¸¦ ¿¬ÇÕ½ÃÄÑ ÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 

¡¡

After all, look what's happening in Iraq. For a growing number of Iraqis, their "liberation" from Saddam Hussein is turning into a despised foreign occupation. Nationalism is blending with religious fanaticism into a potent brew of hatred. The rates of desertion from the American-trained new Iraqi security forces are dangerously high, while the likely escalation of United States military operations against insurgent towns will generate a new rash of civilian casualties and new recruits for the rebels.

¡¡

-°¢¼³Çϰí, À̶óÅ©¿¡¼­ ¾î¶² ÀÏÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁö´Â°¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇϽöó. Á¡ÁõÇÏ´Â ¼ýÀÚÀÇ À̶óÅ©»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¾ç È帰¡ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â »ç´ã Èļ¼ÀÎÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¡°Çع桱 À̶ó´Â ±¸È£´Â ¸ð¿åÀûÀÎ ¿Ü±¹Àο¡ ÀÇÇÑ Á¡·ÉÀ̶ó´Â »ý°¢À¸·Î ¹Ù²î¾î °¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹ÎÁ·ÁÖÀÇ´Â Á¾±³Àû ±¤¿­ÁÖÀÇ¿Í ¼­·Î È¥ÇյǾîÁ®¼­ °­·ÂÇÑ Áõ¿À¸¦ ³º°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì±º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ ÈÆ·ÃµÈ »õ·Î¿î À̶óÅ© ¾Èº¸±ºÀÌ Á÷¹«¸¦ À¯±âÇÏ°í ¶°³ª´Â ºñÀ²Àº À§ÇèÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ³ôÀº ¹Ý¸é Á¡Á¡ ´õ Áõ°¡ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ Æ²¸²ÀÌ ¾ø´Â À̶óÅ© µµ½Ãµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±º»çÀÛÀüµéÀº ¹«ºÐº°ÇÑ ¹Î°£ÀεéÀÇ »ì»óÀ» ºÒ·¯¿À°í ¹Ý±º¿¡ °¡´ãÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ Áõ°¡½Ãų °ÍÀÌ´Ù.  

¡¡

The situation is not going to get any easier. If President Bush is re-elected, our allies will not be providing more money or troops for the American occupation. Mr. Bush has lost credibility among other nations, which distrust his overall approach. Moreover, the British have been drawing down their troop strength in Iraq, the Poles will do the same, and the Pakistanis recently made it quite plain that they will not support a policy in the Middle East that they view as self-defeating.

¡¡

-ÀÌ »óȲÀº º¸´Ù ¿ÏÈ­µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ºÎ½¬ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ Àç´ç¼± µÈ´Ù¸é ¿ì¸®ÀÇ µ¿¸Í±¹µéÀº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Á¡·ÉÀ» µµ¿ÍÁÖ±â À§ÇØ ´õ ¸¹Àº ÀÚ±ÝÀ̳ª ±º´ë¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºÎ½¬¾¾´Â ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ ½Å¿ëÀ» ÀÒ¾ú´Âµ¥ ÀÌ ³ª¶óµéÀº ºÎ½¬¾¾ÀÇ Àü¹ÝÀû ¹®Á¦ÇØ°á¹æ½ÄÀ» ½Å·ÚÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¼³»ó°¡»óÀ¸·Î, ¿µ±¹Àº À̶óÅ© ³»¿¡¼­ ÀÚ±¹ÀÇ ±º´ë±Ô¸ð¸¦ Ãà¼Ò½Ã۰í ÀÖ°í, Æú¶õµåµµ °°Àº ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, ÃÖ±Ù ÆÄŰ½ºÅºµµ -±×µéÀÇ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ º¸¾Æ ½º½º·Î ÆÐ¹è¸¦ ¾È°ÜÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ¶ó °£ÁֵǴÂ- Áßµ¿Á¤Ã¥À» ÁöÁöÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÓÀ» õ¸íÇß´Ù.

¡¡

In fact, in the Islamic world at large as well as in Europe, Mr. Bush's policy is becoming conflated in the public mind with Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's policy in Gaza and the West Bank. Fueled by anti-American resentments, that policy is widely caricatured as a crude reliance on power, semicolonial in its attitude, and driven by prejudice toward the Islamic world. The likely effect is that staying on course under Mr. Bush will remain a largely solitary American adventure.

¡¡

-½ÇÁ¦·Î, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ À̽½¶÷¼¼°èµé°ú À¯·´»ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¸¶À½¿¡´Â ºÎ½¬¾¾ÀÇ Á¤Ã¥Àº ¾Æ¸®¿¤ »þ·Ð¼ö»óÀÇ °¡ÀÚÁö±¸¿Í ¿þ½ºÆ®¹ðÅ© Á¤Ã¥°ú ¼­·Î È¥ÇյǾîÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ý¹Ì°¨Á¤¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ºÎÃß°ÜÁ®¼­, ÀÌ Á¤Ã¥Àº ¹«ºÐº°ÇÑ ±Ç·Â ³²¿ë, ½Ä¹ÎÁÖÀÇÀû ÀÛÅÂ, À̽½¶÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æí°ß¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¶ÀåµÇ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô Àνĵǰí ÀÖ´Ù. ºÎ½¬¾¾ÀÇ ÁöµµÇÏ¿¡ °è¼Ó °°Àº ÄÚ½º¸¦ °£´Ù¸é ³²´Â °ÍÀº °ÅÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ È¥ÀÚ¸¸ÀÇ µ¶ÀÚÀû ¸ðÇèÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.       

¡¡

This global solitude might make a re-elected Bush administration more vulnerable to the temptation to embrace a new anti-Islamic alliance, one reminiscent of the Holy Alliance that emerged after 1815 to prevent revolutionary upheavals in Europe. The notion of a new Holy Alliance is already being promoted by those with a special interest in entangling the United States in a prolonged conflict with Islam. Vladimir Putin's endorsement of Mr. Bush immediately comes to mind; it also attracts some anti-Islamic Indian leaders hoping to prevent Pakistan from dominating Afghanistan; the Likud in Israel is also understandably tempted; even China might play along.

¡¡

-Àü ¼¼°èÀû °í¸³Àº Àç´ç¼±µÈ ºÎ½¬ ÇàÁ¤ºÎ¿¡°Ô 1815³â À¯·´¿¡¼­ÀÇ Çõ¸íÀÇ ºÐÃâÀ» ¹æÁöÇϱâ À§ÇØ »ý°Ü³µ´ø ½Å¼ºµ¿¸ÍÀ» »ý°¢³ª°Ô ÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ¹Ý À̽½¶÷ µ¿¸ÍÀ» ¼ö¿ëÇ϶ó°í ÇÏ´Â À¯È¤¿¡ ´õ¿í ²ø¸®°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ½Å¼ºµ¿¸ÍÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î´Â À̽½¶÷°úÀÇ ±ä ºÐÀïÀ» °Þ°í ÀÖ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ºñÀ§¸¦ ¸ÂÃß·Á°í Çϴ Ưº°ÇÑ ÀÌÀÍÁý´Ü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÌ¹Ì ÃßÁøµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ½±°Ô »ý°¢³ª´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹ßµð¹Ì¸£ ǪƾÀÇ ºÎ½¬¾¾¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöÁö¼±¾ðÀÌ´Ù; ¶ÇÇÑ ÆÄŰ½ºÅºÀÌ ¾ÆÇÁ°¡´Ï½ºÅºÀ» ÁÂÁö¿ìÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹æÁöÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÇÏ´Â Àεµ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀ» ²ø¾îµéÀ̰í ÀÖ´Ù; À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÇ ¸®Äíµå´çÀÌ À¯È¤À» ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀº ´ç¿¬Çϸç Áß±¹Á¶Â÷ °°ÀÌ ³¢¿©µé °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

¡¡

For the United States, however, a new Holy Alliance would mean growing isolation in an increasingly polarized world. That prospect may not faze the extremists in the Bush administration who are committed to an existential struggle against Islam and who would like America to attack Iran, but who otherwise lack any wider strategic conception of what America's role in the world ought to be. It is, however, of concern to moderate Republicans.

¡¡

-ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¹Ì±¹¿¡°Ô À־ ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ½Å¼ºµ¿¸ÍÀº Á¡Á¡ ´õ ¾ç±ØÈ­ÇØ °¡´Â ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ °í¸³ÀÌ ½ÉÈ­µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ À̽½¶÷°úÀÇ Á¸ÀçÀû ÅõÀï¿¡ Çå½ÅÀ» Çϱâ·Î ÇÏ°í ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ À̶õÀ» °ø°ÝÇϱ⸦ ¿øÇÏ´Â, ±×·¯³ª ¼¼°è ³»¿¡¼­ ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» °¨´çÇØ¾ß Çϴ°¡ ÇÏ´Â º¸´Ù ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ Àü·«Àû °³³äÀ» °®Áö ¸øÇÑ, ºÎ½¬ ÇàÁ¤ºÎ³»ÀÇ ±Ø´ÜÁÖÀÇÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °¡´É¼º¿¡ ´ëÇØ °³ÀÇÇÏÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ´Â ÁßµµÆÄ °øÈ­´ç¿øµéÀÇ °ÆÁ¤À̱⵵ ÇÏ´Ù.

¡¡

Unfortunately, the predicament faced by America in Iraq is also more complex than the solutions offered so far by the Democratic side in the presidential contest. Senator John Kerry would have the advantage of enjoying greater confidence among America's traditional allies, since he might be willing to re-examine a war that he himself had not initiated. But that alone will not produce German or French funds and soldiers. The self-serving culture of comfortable abstention from painful security responsibilities has made the major European leaders generous in offering criticism but reluctant to assume burdens.

¡¡

-ºÒ¿îÇϰԵµ, ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ À̶óÅ©¿¡¼­ Á÷¸éÇÑ °ï°æÀº ÇöÀç±îÁö ´ëÅë·É ¼±°ÅÀüÀ» ÇÏ¸ç ¹ÎÁÖ´ç ÂÊ¿¡¼­ Á¦½ÃÇÑ ÇØ°áÃ¥º¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ º¹ÀâÇÏ´Ù. Á¸ Äɸ® »ó¿øÀÇ¿øÀº ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾ÊÀº ÀüÀïÀ» ÀçÁ¡°ËÇÏ·Á ÇÒ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÀüÅëÀû ¿ì¹æµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ÈξÀ °­ÇÑ ½Å·Ú°¨À» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÌÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×°Í¸¸À¸·Î µ¶ÀÏÀ̳ª ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ÀÚ±ÝÀ̳ª ±º´ëÁö¿øÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö´Â ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼¼°è¾Èº¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °íÅ뽺·± Àǹ«·ÎºÎÅÍ Æí¾ÈÇÏ°Ô ¸éÁ¦µÇ·Á´Â ±×µé ½º½º·ÎÀÇ ¹®È­ ¶§¹®¿¡ ºñÆÇÇÏ´Â µ¥´Â ÈÄÇÏÁö¸¸ ÁüÀº ÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á ÇÏ´Â À¯·´ÀÇ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀÌ »ý°Ü³ª°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.

¡¡

To get the Europeans to act, any new administration will have to confront them with strategic options. The Europeans need to be convinced that the United States recognizes that the best way to influence the eventual outcome of the civil war within Islam is to shape an expanding Grand Alliance (as opposed to a polarizing Holy Alliance) that embraces the Middle East by taking on the region's three most inflammatory and explosive issues: the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the mess in Iraq, and the challenge of a restless and potentially dangerous Iran.

¡¡

-´©°¡ µÇµç »õ Á¤ºÎ´Â À¯·´ÀεéÀ» ÇൿÇÏ°Ô Çϱâ À§ÇØ Àü·«Àû ¼±ÅÃÀ» ÇØ¾ß¸¸ ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À¯·´ÀÎ µéÀº À̽½¶÷ ³»ÀüÀ» (ÁÖ; ºê·¹Áø½ºÅ°´Â civil war within IslamÀ̶ó´Â ¿ë¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇߴµ¥ ÀÌ´Â À̽½¶÷³¢¸®ÀÇ ÀüÀïÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó À̽½¶÷°ú ¼­¹æ¼¼°è¿ÍÀÇ ÀüÀïÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù) ¸·±â À§ÇØ ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ °¡Àå °­ÇÑ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ» Çà»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº Áßµ¿À» Æ÷°ýÇÏ´Â ±¤´ë¿ª µ¿¸ÍüÁ¦ (¾ç±ØÈ­µÈ ½Å¼ºµ¿¸Í°ú »ó¹ÝµÊ)ÀÇ È®´ë¸¦ ²Ã Áþ´Â °ÍÀÓÀ» ÀÎÁöÇϰí ÀÖÀ½À» È®½ÅÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ °¡Àå °¨Á¤À» ½±°Ô ÀÚ±ØÇÏ°í ¾ðÁ¦µç  Æø¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â 3°³ÀÇ À̽´ Áï À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾ÀÇ ºÐÀï, À̶óÅ©¾ÈÀÇ ³­ÀåÆÇ ±×¸®°í ÀáÀáÇÏÁö ¸øÇϰí ÀáÁ¤Àû À§ÇèÀÇ ¿ä¼ÒÀÎ À̶õÀÇ µµÀüÀ» ÇØ°áÇÒ ÀÇÁö¸¦ º¸ÀÓÀ¸·Î½á Áßµ¿À» °¨½Î¾ÈÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.    

¡¡

While each issue is distinct and immensely complex, each affects the others. The three must be tackled simultaneously, and they can be tackled effectively only if America and Europe cooperate and engage the more moderate Muslim states.

¡¡

-°¢°¢ÀÇ »ç¾ÈµéÀÌ º°°³ÀÇ °ÍÀÌ°í º¹ÀâÇÑ °ÍÀ̱â´Â ÇØµµ ¼­·Î°¡ »óÈ£ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ÀÌ 3°³ÀÇ »ç¾È¿¡ ´ëÇØ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÇØ°áÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀÌ °æÁֵǾî¾ß Çϴµ¥ ÀÌ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ÇØ°áÀº ¹Ì±¹°ú À¯·´ÀÌ Çù·ÂÀ» ÇÏ°í º¸´Ù ¿Â°Ç³ë¼±À» °È°í Àִ ȸ±³±¹°¡µéÀ» Âü¿©½ÃÄѾßÁö¸¸ °¡´ÉÇØÁø´Ù.

¡¡

A grand American-European strategy would have three major prongs. The first would be a joint statement by the United States and the European Union outlining the basic principles of a formula for an Israeli-Palestinian peace, with the details left to negotiations between the parties. Its key elements should include no right of return; no automatic acceptance of the 1967 lines but equivalent territorial compensation for any changes; suburban settlements on the edges of the 1967 lines incorporated into Israel, but those more than a few miles inside the West Bank vacated to make room for the resettlement of some of the Palestinian refugees; a united Jerusalem serving as the capitals of the two states; and a demilitarized Palestinian state with some international peacekeeping presence. Such a joint statement, by providing the Israeli and Palestinian publics more concrete vision of the future, would help to generate support for peace, even if the respective leaders and some of the citizens initially objected.

¡¡

-¹Ì±¹°ú À¯·´°£ÀÇ ´ëÀü·«Àº Å©°Ô ¼¼ °³·Î ³ª´©¾î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ù ¹øÂ°´Â À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾°£ÀÇ ÆòÈ­¸¦ À§ÇÑ °ø½ÄÀÇ ±âº» ¿øÄ¢À» °³·«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ¹Ì±¹°ú À¯·´¿¬ÇÕÀÇ °øµ¿¼º¸íÀÌ´Ù. ¼¼ºÎ»çÇ×Àº ´ç»çÀÚµé °£ÀÇ ÇùÀÇ¿¡ ¸Ã°ÜµÎ¸é µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ °øµ¿¼º¸íÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ÇÙ½ÉÀº ¿µÅäȸº¹ÀÇ ±Ç¸®°¡ ¾øÀ½À» ¸í±âÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Áï 1967³â °æ°è¼±À¸·Î ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó º¯È­°¡ »ý±ä °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ÀÌ¿¡ ´ë½ÅÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¿µÅä·Î º¸»óÀ» ÇÏÀÚ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 1967³âÀÇ °æ°è¼±À» ħ¹üÇϰí ÀÖ´Â À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÇ Á¤ÂøÃ̵éÀº À̽º¶ó¿¤¿¡ ÆíÀԵǴ ¹Ý¸é °æ°è¼±À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸î ¸¶ÀÏ ÀÌ»ó ´õ µé¾î°£ ¿þ½ºÆ®¹ðÅ© Áö¿ª¿¡¼­´Â À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÌ Ã¶¼ö¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾ ³­¹ÎµéÀÌ ´Ù½Ã Á¤ÂøÇÒ Àå¼Ò¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÅëÇÕµÈ ¿¹·ç»ì·½Àº µÎ ±¹°¡ÀÇ °øµ¿ ¼öµµ°¡ µÇ¸ç ±¹Á¦ ÆòÈ­À¯Áö±ºÀÌ »óÁÖÇÏ´Â ¹«Àå ÇØÁ¦µÈ ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾ ±¹°¡¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº °øµ¿¼º¸íÀº À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô º¸´Ù È®°íÇÑ ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÁ¯À» Á¦°øÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÆòÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö¿øÀ» ¾ò¾î³¾ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºñ·Ï °¢°¢ÀÇ (À¯·´)ÁöµµÀÚ³ª ±¹¹ÎµéÀÌ Ãʱ⿡´Â ¹Ý´ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» Áö¶óµµ ¸»ÀÌ´Ù.

¡¡

Secondly, the European Union would agree to make a substantial financial contribution to the recovery of Iraq, and to deploy a significant military force (including French and German contingents, as has been the case in Afghanistan) to reduce the American military presence. A serious parallel effort on the Israeli-Palestinian peace process might induce some Muslim states to come in, as was explicitly suggested recently by President Pervez Musharraf of Pakistan. The effect would be to transform the occupation of Iraq into a transitional international presence while greatly increasing the legitimacy of the current puppet Iraqi regime. But without progress on the Israeli-Palestinian issue, any postoccupation regime in Iraq will be both anti-United States and anti-Israel.

¡¡

-µÎ ¹øÂ°´Â À¯·´¿¬ÇÕÀÌ À̶óÅ©ÀÇ Àç°ÇÀ» À§ÇØ »ó´ç·®ÀÇ ÀÚ±ÝÀ» ºÐ´ãÇÒ °Í°ú »óÁÖÇÏ´Â ¹Ì±ºÀÇ ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ ÁÙÀ̱â À§ÇØ »ó´ç¼öÀÇ ±º´ë¸¦ (¾ÆÇÁ°¡´Ï½ºÅºÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡¼­¿Í °°ÀÌ ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í µ¶ÀÏÀÇ ÆÄ°ß±ºÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù) ÆÄº´ÇÒ °Í¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾°£ÀÇ ÆòÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁøÁöÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀÌ º´ÇàµÈ´Ù¸é ÃÖ±Ù ÆÄŰ½ºÅºÀÇ Æä¸£º£Ã÷ ¹«»þ¶óÇÁ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ Ãµ¸íÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ ¸î ¸îÀÇ È¸±³±¹°¡µéÀÌ Âü¿©ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÀÇ È¿°ú´Â ÇöÀç À̶óÅ©ÀÇ ²ÀµÎ°¢½Ã Á¤±Ç¿¡ Á¤Å뼺À» Å©°Ô Áõ°¡½ÃÄÑ Áָ鼭 À̶óÅ©ÀÇ Á¡·ÉÀ» ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ±¹Á¦±º ÁÖµÐÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ÆÈ·¹½ºÆ¾ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁøÀüÀÌ ¾øÀÌ´Â À̶óÅ©¿¡¼­ ¾î¶°ÇÑ Á¤ºÎ°¡ µé¾î¼­µç ¹Ý¹Ì ¹ÝÀ̽º¶ó¿¤ Á¤ºÎ°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 

¡¡

In addition, the United States and the European Union would approach Iran for exploratory discussions on regional security issues like Iraq, Afghanistan and nuclear proliferation. The longer-term objective would be a mutually acceptable formula that forecloses the acquisition of nuclear weapons by Iran but furthers its moderation through an economically beneficial normalization of relations with the West.

¡¡

-¿©±â¿¡ ºÎ°¡Çؼ­ ¹Ì±¹°ú À¯·´¿¬ÇÕÀº À̶óÅ©¿Í ¾ÆÇÁ°¡´Ï½ºÅºÀÇ »ç¾Èµé°ú °°Àº Áö¿ª¾ÈÁ¤ ±×¸®°í ÇÙÈ®»ê°ú °°Àº ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¼­·Î¸¦ Ž»öÇÏ´Â ´ëÈ­¸¦ Çϸ鼭 À̶õ°ú Á¢±ÙÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Àå±âÀû ¸ñÇ¥´Â À̶õÀÇ ÇÙ¹«±â ¼ÒÀ¯¸¦ Æ÷±âÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ »óÈ£°£¿¡ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â È®½ÇÇÑ °ø½ÄÀÌÁö¸¸ ´õ ³ª¾Æ°¡¼­´Â °æÁ¦°ü°è °³¼±À» ÅëÇÑ ¼­¹æ¼¼°è¿ÍÀÇ °ü°èÁ¤»óÈ­¸¦ µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 

¡¡

A comprehensive initiative along these lines would force the European leaders to take a stand: not to join would run the risk of reinforcing and legitimating American unilateralism while pushing the Middle East into a deeper crisis. America might unilaterally attack Iran or unilaterally withdraw from Iraq. In either case, a sharing of burdens as well as of decisions should provide a better solution for all concerned.

¡¡

-ÀÌ¿Í ÇÔ²² Æ÷°ýÀû Á¦¾ÈÀ¸·Î´Â À¯·´ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀÌ ´ç´çÇÏ°Ô ÀǰßÀ» ³»°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̵éÀÌ ÇÕ·ùÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÀϹæÁÖÀǸ¦ Á¤´çÈ­ÇØ ÁÖ°í Áßµ¿Áö¿ªÀ» ´õ ±íÀº À§±â·Î ¸ô¾Æ³Ö´Â À§ÇèÀ» °¨³»ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹Àº Àڽе¶´ÜÀûÀ¸·Î À̶õÀ» °ø°ÝÇϱ⵵ ÇÏ°í µ¶´ÜÀûÀ¸·Î À̶óÅ©¿¡¼­ ö±ºÀ» ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾î¶² °æ¿ì°¡ µÇ¾úµç ÁüÀ» ºÐ´ãÇØ¼­ Áö°í °áÁ¤¿¡ °°ÀÌ Âü¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸ðµç ´ç¸é¹®Á¦µéÀ» º¸´Ù ¿øÈ°È÷ ÇØ°áÇØ ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.