EDITORIAL
Attacking
a Free Judiciary
-ÀÚÀ¯
»ç¹ý±ÇÀ» °ø°ÝÇÔ
Published:
The
low point in the politicking over Terri Schiavo came last week when the House
majority leader, Tom DeLay, threatened the judges who ruled in her case. Saying
they had "thumbed their nose at Congress and the president," Mr. DeLay
announced that "the time will come for the men responsible for this to
answer for their behavior, but not today." Coming so close to the fatal
shooting of one judge in his courtroom and the killing of two family members of
another, those words were at best an appalling example of irresponsibility in
pursuit of political gain. But they were not an angry, off-the-cuff reaction.
Mr. DeLay's ominous statements were a calculated part of a growing assault on
the judiciary.
-Å׸®
»þÀ̺¸¸¦ µÎ°í ÇÏ´Â Á¤Ä¡³îÀ½ÀÇ Àú¿ÇÑ »óȲÀº Áö³ ÁÖ ÇÏ¿ø
´Ù¼ö´ç ´ëÇ¥ÀΠŽ µô·¹À̰¡ ±×³àÀÇ »ç°Ç¿¡ ÆÇ°áÀ» ³»¸°
ÆÇ»çµéÀ» À§ÇùÇÏ¸é¼ µå·¯³µ´Ù. "ÆÇ»çµéÀÌ
ÀÇȸ¿Í ´ëÅë·ÉÀ» Á¶·ÕÇß´Ù"°í ¸»Çϸé¼
µô·¹À̾¾´Â "±×µéÀÌ ÇÑ Çൿ¿¡ ´ëÇØ
Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Á®¾ß ÇÏ´Â ³¯ÀÌ ¿À°ÚÁö¸¸ ¿À´ÃÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù" ¶ó°í
¼±¾ðÀ» Çß´Ù. ÀÚ½Å(ÀÌ
ÁÖÀçÇÏ´Â)ÀÇ ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼ ÇÑ ÆÇ»ç°¡ ÃÑ¿¡ ¸Â¾Æ
»ç¸ÁÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ ÆÇ»ç´Â µÎ °¡Á·ÀÌ »ìÇØ´çÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ÁöôÀÎ
ÀÌ ¶§¿¡ ³ª¿Â ±× ¸»µéÀº ¾Æ¹«¸® ÁÁ°Ô º¸¾ÆÁÖ·Á ÇØµµ Á¤Ä¡Àû
À̵æÀ» ¾òÀ¸·Á´Â ¹«Ã¥ÀÓÀÇ °æ¾Ç½º·± ¿¹¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ ¸»µéÀº Ȱ¡ ³ª¼ Ãæµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Â
°ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. µô·¹À̾¾ÀÇ ¼Ò¸§ÀÌ ³¢Ä¡´Â
¾ð±ÞÀº »ç¹ýºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¡ÁõÇÏ´Â °ø°ÝÀÇ °è»êµÈ ÀÏ ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù.
Through
public attacks, proposed legislation and even the threat of impeachment,
ideologues are trying to bully judges into following their political line. Mr.
DeLay and his allies have moved beyond ordinary criticism to undermining the
separation of powers, not to mention the rule of law. The Schiavo case was the
starkest example of their determination to have things their own way, regardless
of the constitutional cost. Conservative elected officials and advocates
repeatedly attacked the judiciary's right to decide the legal issues. When they
were unhappy with the decisions of the
-°ø°³ÀûÀÎ
ºñ³, ¹ýÁ¦Á¤ Á¦¾È ±×¸®°í ½ÉÁö¾î´Â źÇÙÀ»
Çϰڴٴ À§ÇùÀ» ÅëÇØ, À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â
½ÅºÀÀÚµéÀº ÆÇ»çµéÀ» ±«·ÓÇô¼ ÀڽŵéÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ ³ë¼±À»
µû¶ó¿À°Ô ÇÏ·Á ¾Ö¾²°í ÀÖ´Ù. µô·¹À̾¾¿Í
±×ÀÇ ÇùÁ¶ÀÚµéÀº, ¹ýÄ¡´Â ¸»ÇÒ °Íµµ ¾ø°í,
±Ç·ÂºÐ¸³ÀÇ ±Ù°£À» Èçµé·Á ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÀϹÝÀû ºñ³
Á¤µµ´Â ÃÊ¿ùÀ» Çß´Ù. »þÀ̺¸ÀÇ ÄÉÀ̽º´Â
ÀڽŵéÀÌ ¿øÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý´ë·Î ÀÏÀ» ó¸®ÇÏ·Á´Â °á´ÜÀÇ
Àû³ª¶óÇÑ º¸±âÀÌ´Ù. Çå¹ýÀûÀÎ ºñ¿ëÀ»
Ä¡¸£´Â °Íµµ ¾Æ¶û°÷ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. º¸¼öÀûÀÎ
¼±Ãâ °øÁ÷ÀÚµé°ú µ¿Á¶ÀÚµéÀº ¹ýÀûÀÎ »ç¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¹ýºÎÀÇ
°áÁ¤±Ç¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀ¸·Î °ø°ÝÀ» Çß´Ù. ±×µéÀº
Ç÷θ®´Ù Áö¹æ¹ýÁ¤ÀÇ ÆÇ°á¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸¸Á·ÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇßÀ» ¶§
±×³àÀÇ »ç°ÇÀ» ¿¬¹æ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ °áÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô²û Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ
¹ý¾ÈÀ» ÇÏ¿øÀ» ÅëÇØ ±ÞÈ÷ Á¦ÃâÇߴµ¥ ´Ù¸¥ »ç°ÇµéÀº
ÀÌ·¸Áö°¡ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ý¾ÈÀº ¶ÇÇÑ
¿¬¹æ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ ÇÑ °ÉÀ½ ¹°·¯¼ ÀÖ°Ô ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Â ¿À·£µ¿¾È
ÁöÄÑÁö´ø ¹ýÀûÀÎ ¿øÄ¢µéÀ» Àû¿ëÇÏÁö ¸» °ÍÀ» ¸í½ÃÇß´Ù.
When
the federal courts took the case but ended up agreeing with
-¿¬¹æ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ
ÀÌ »ç°ÇÀ» ¸Ã¾ÒÀ¸³ª Ç÷θ®´ÙÀÇ ¹ýÁ¤(ÀÇ
ÆÇ°á)°ú ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏ´Â °áÁ¤¿¡ À̸£°Ô µÇÀÚ
¿¬¹æÆÇ»çµéÀÌ ´ÙÀ½ °ø°Ý¸ñÇ¥°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. µô·¹À̾¾´Â
´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Àº±ÙÇÑ Çù¹ÚÀÇ ¸»À» Çß´Ù: "ÀÇȸ´Â
¿À·£µ¿¾È »ç¹ýºÎ°¡ (ÀڽŵéÀÇ °áÁ¤¿¡)
Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Áö°Ô ÇÏ´Â Àǹ«¸¦ ¼ÒÈêÈ÷ ÇØ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ ´õ ÀÌ»óÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù." ÀÌ
»ç°Ç¿¡ ¿¬·çµÈ ÆÇ»çµéÀ» ÇÏ¿øÀÌ ÅºÇÙÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡¸¦
°í·ÁÇϴ°¡ ÇÏ´Â Áú¹®¿¡, ±×´Â "ÀÌ
»ç°ÇÀ» ÀÚ¼¼È÷ Á¶»çÇÒ ½Ã°£ÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù."¶ó°í
´äÀ» Çß´Ù.
Several
bills pending in Congress seek to tell the courts how do their jobs. House
Republicans have introduced a resolution declaring that international law should
not be taken into account in interpreting the Constitution, something the
Supreme Court did just last month in striking down the death penalty for
offenders younger than 18. Last year, during a controversy over the "Ten
Commandments judge" in
-ÀÇȸ¿¡
°è·ùÁßÀÎ ¿©·¯ ¹ý¾ÈµéÀº ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÏÀ» ó¸®Çؾß
Çϴ°¡¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÏ·Á Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏ¿ø
°øÈ´çÀÇ¿øµéÀº Çå¹ýÀ» ÇØ¼®Çϴµ¥ ÀÖ¾î¼ ±¹Á¦¹ýÀ»
°í·ÁÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ µÊÀ» ¸í½ÃÇÏ´Â °áÀǾÈÀ» »óÁ¤Çß´Ù. ÀÌ´Â
¹Ù·Î Áö³´Þ ´ë¹ý¿øÀÌ 18¼¼ ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ
¹ü¹ýÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »çÇü¾ðµµ¸¦ ºÎ°áÇÑ °Í°ú °°Àº ·ùÀÇ ÇØ¼®ÀÌ´Ù.
Áö³ ÇØ ¾Ë¶ó¹Ù¸¶ÀÇ "¼ÒÀ§
½Ê°è¸í ÆÇ»ç"¿¡ °üÇÑ ³íÀïÀÇ ¿ÍÁß¿¡
¾Ë¶ó¹Ù¸¶ °øÈ´ç »ó¿øÀÇ¿ø ¸®Ãµå ¼Ðºñ´Â °øÁ÷ÀÚ°¡ ±¹°¡¿Í
±³È¸ÀÇ °æ°è¼±À» ³Ñ¾úÀ» ¶§ ¿¬¹æ¹ý¿øÀº ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¦ 1Â÷
°³Çå: Á¾±³ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯Á¶Ç×À» Àû¿ëÇÏÁö ¸øÇϰÔ
ÇÏÀÚ´Â ¹ý¾ÈÀ» »óÁ¤Çß´Ù.
Last
week, Judge Stanley Birch Jr., a conservative member of the United States Court
of Appeals for the 11th Circuit, based in
-Áö³
ÁÖ, ¾ÆÆ²¶õŸ¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇÑ Á¦ 11 ¼øÈ¸¹ýÁ¤³»
¹Ì ¿¬¹æ Ç×¼Ò¹ý¿øÀÇ º¸¼öÆÄ ½ºÅĸ® ¹öÄ¡ ÁÖ´Ï¾î ÆÇ»ç´Â
»þÀ̺¸ÀÇ »ç°Ç Áß "¿ì¸®ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ³»
ÀÔ¹ýºÎ¿Í ÇàÁ¤ºÎ´Â ÀÚÀ¯±¹¹ÎÀÇ Áö¹è¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¸®
°Ç±¹Á¶»óµéÀÇ Ã»»çÁø Áï ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Çå¹ý¿¡ ÀüÇô °É¸ÂÁö ¾Ê´Â
¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÇൿÀ» Çß½À´Ï´Ù."¶ó°í
¼±¾ðÇß´Ù.
Judge
Birch is right, but he should not be such a lonely voice. The founders
established a system of government in which the three branches - legislative,
executive and judicial - act as checks and balances for one another. Republicans
in Congress and the Bush administration, unhappy with some rulings of the
judiciary, are trying to write it out of its constitutional role. The courts
will not always be popular; they will not even always be right. But if Congress
succeeds in curtailing the judiciary's ability to act as a check on the other
two branches, the nation will be far less free.
-¹öÄ¡ ÆÇ»ç°¡ ¿Ç´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±× »ç¶÷ È¥ÀÚ¼ ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³»¼´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. °Ç±¹ÀÚµéÀº ¼¼ °³ÀÇ ±â°üÀÌ-ÀÔ¹ýºÎ, ÇàÁ¤ºÎ, »ç¹ýºÎ- ¼·Î °ßÁ¦¿Í ±ÕÇüÀ» ÀÌ·ç´Â Á¤ºÎ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¼³¸³Çß´Ù. ÀÔ¹ýºÎÀÇ ¸î ¸î ÆÇ°á¿¡ ´ëÇØ ºÒ¸¸ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ÀÇȸÀÇ °øÈ´çÀÇ¿øµé°ú ºÎ½¬ ÇàÁ¤ºÎ´Â ÀÌÀÇ Çå¹ýÀû ¿ªÇÒÀ» »èÁ¦ÇØ ¹ö¸®·Á´Â ½Ãµµ¸¦ Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÀαⰡ ÀÖÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù; ½ÉÁö¾î ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ Ç×»ó ¿ÇÁö¸¸ µµ ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸¸¾à ÀÇȸ°¡ ´Ù¸¥ µÎ ±â°ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¹ýºÎÀÇ °ßÁ¦´É·ÂÀ» Ãà¼ÒÇØ ¹ö¸®´Âµ¥ ¼º°øÇÑ´Ù¸é ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â ÈξÀ ´ú ÀÚÀ¯½º·¯¿öÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù